Among many cultures, the marriage between close relatives is not just a heartfelt union; it's a tradition that has been passed down through generations. This practice is deeply embedded in various regions of the world, creating a web of connections that expands both vertically and horizontally over time. Yet, beneath the surface of these familial bonds lie intriguing challenges and outcomes. Are we too naive to grasp the complexities, or are we simply turning a blind eye to the genetic dilemmas that accompany this traditional practice? In this blog, we will delve into the intricacies of consanguineous marriages. So, buckle up as we navigate the curves and turns of tradition, love, and the science behind intertwined genes!
1. Keeping It in Line
Consanguineous marriage refers to the long-standing practice of marrying within the family, especially among first or second cousins, or at least within the same community. This tradition has a rich history and is widely accepted in numerous cultures around the globe. Research indicates that consanguineous unions can lead to a higher prevalence of genetic disorders due to the increased likelihood of inheriting recessive traits, which can manifest in various health issues in offspring, such as congenital anomalies and developmental delays in children born to such unions [1].
2. Tied by Taboos
About one billion individuals worldwide find themselves in regions where family marriages are the norm. Surprisingly, one in three is married to a second cousin or another close relative, or they are offspring of such unions. In fact, up to half of marriages in certain areas, particularly in South Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa, are consanguineous. The primary factors include matchmaking within tight-knit communities and deeply ingrained taboos against inter-caste marriages. Studies have shown that such unions significantly increase the risk of genetic disorders, highlighting the need for awareness and education on this matter [4].
3. Preserving the Legacy
Marrying within the family is often seen as a way to preserve family wealth. The existence of pre-established amicable relationships among in-laws offers an added layer of stability. Moreover, there's a common misconception that divorce rates are lower in such close-knit families due to shared socioeconomic backgrounds and customs. People tend to want to preserve a legacy by intertwining their lives under the same family tree. However, the challenges posed by genetic risks in these unions can undermine such stability, as evidenced by the higher rates of severe congenital disabilities and developmental delays found in offspring of consanguineous marriages [2].
4. The Hidden Perils!
However, while these customs remain steadfast, a quiet genetic health crisis looms within the walls of consanguineous marriages. So, what are the consequences? Severe congenital disabilities and neurological disorders can drive the infant mortality rate as high as 80%. Compared to non-consanguineous unions, the prevalence of birth abnormalities skyrockets to 6% in bloodline marriages. This highlights the crucial need to find a balance between tradition and health, as evidenced by studies that link consanguineous marriage with increased rates of genetic disorders [3].
5. Beyond Traditions!
Even though traditions have been practiced for ages, breaking some can lead to significantly better health outcomes. By increasing social acceptance of intercaste marriages, we can pave the way for a healthier genetic future. It's time to expand the horizons of matchmaking. Advocating for mandatory genetic screening and counseling can offer insights into the language of genes. Embracing change doesn't mean we have to abandon our traditions; it can be a step toward a healthier and more inclusive future! Research has shown that promoting genetic counseling in communities where consanguinity is prevalent can significantly mitigate health risks associated with these marriages [5].
Let's be honest, caste and religion don't dictate genetics. Ignoring this fact can be dangerous and may result in further health issues down the line. It's time to break free from the long-standing roots of consanguinity. Together, we can combat this silent threat and pave the way for a future unbound by genetic constraints.
References:
- Sara Naudhani, Adeel Ahmad, Fariya Khan Bazai, Muhammad Tariq Pervez, Azqa Zafar, Sajjad Ali Shah, Nafeesa Raheem, Abdul Hameed Baloch, Muhammad Mushtaq, Shakeela Daud. A Missense Pathogenic Variant in a Conserved Region of . PubMed. 2023.
- Jordan Burgess, Diba Behzad-Noori, Cheryl Longman, Kathryn Brennan. Double trouble: a case of an ataxic young man with coeliac disease and cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis.. PubMed. 2020.
- Daniel Halperin, Rotem Kadir, Yonatan Perez, Max Drabkin, Yuval Yogev, Ohad Wormser, Erez M Berman, Ekaterina Eremenko, Barak Rotblat, Zamir Shorer, Libe Gradstein, Ilan Shelef, Ruth Birk, Uri Abdu, Hagit Flusser, Ohad S Birk. Untitled. PubMed. 2019.
- Mansooreh Bagheri, Majid Farvardin, Mostafa Saadat. A study of consanguineous marriage as a risk factor for developing comitant strabismus.. PubMed. 2015.
- Vivek Gurjar, Minal Gurjar. Consanguineous Marital Union Resulting in a Progeny of Whistling-face Syndrome and Hemophilia: A Case Report.. PubMed. 2015.